Memaparkan catatan dengan label Israel. Papar semua catatan
Memaparkan catatan dengan label Israel. Papar semua catatan

Isnin, 21 Julai 2025

Kuasa-kuasa Agama di Israel


Oleh: Profesor Salah Abdul Rahim Muhammad

Penyunting: Mohd Hanif Ismail


Hakikatnya, garis pemisah antara masyarakat Israel adalah garis agama yang jelas. Sebanyak 80% penduduk Israel adalah orang Yahudi sekular (bukan agamawan), manakala 20% yang lain diwakili oleh golongan Yahudi yang sangat taat beragama. Terdapat juga garis politik kebangsaan yang diwakili oleh golongan fundamentalis berbanding golongan moderat.

Perlu diketahui bahawa dalam kelompok agama Yahudi Ortodoks (Haredi), terdapat pelbagai mazhab. Yang paling menonjol ialah 'Yahudi Ashkenazi' dan 'Yahudi Mizrahi'. Mereka menentang Zionisme dan menganggap negara Israel sebagai tidak sah. Mereka terdiri daripada beberapa parti seperti Hizb al-Mifdal, gerakan Shas, dan gerakan Agudat Israel.

Gerakan Haredi ini mengawal banyak institusi agama di Israel, dan memainkan peranan penting dalam politik. Sejak 1998, pengaruh mereka dalam politik Israel semakin meningkat. Ini tercermin dalam pembentukan empat parti agama besar seperti Hizb al-Mifdal, Shas, dan Agudat Israel, yang semakin banyak mempengaruhi keputusan politik, terutama dalam isu agama.

Faktor yang meningkatkan pengaruh mereka termasuk:

  • Penubuhan banyak institusi pendidikan agama: Seperti yeshiva (pusat pengajian agama) dan sekolah agama, di mana mereka mengajar ajaran mereka sendiri. Ini mengukuhkan pengaruh mereka di kalangan masyarakat.

  • Penguasaan institusi keagamaan utama: Golongan Ortodoks menguasai Rabbanut Rishit (Ketua Rabbi Israel) dan Rabbinat Agung bagi Yahudi Ashkenazi dan Sefardi. Mereka bertanggungjawab terhadap banyak perkara agama, seperti pengeluaran sijil kosher (halal), perkahwinan, dan perceraian.

  • Peranan dalam tentera: Mereka menuntut pengecualian bagi pelajar agama dari khidmat tentera, yang menjadi isu kontroversi.

Perpecahan dan Konflik Dalaman

Dalam masyarakat Yahudi di Israel, terdapat dua pandangan utama:

1. Golongan Ortodoks (Haredi):

Mereka berpegang teguh pada ajaran agama dan menolak Zionisme sebagai ideologi yang tidak murni. Mereka berpendapat Zionisme adalah gerakan sekular yang tidak selaras dengan ajaran Taurat. Bagi mereka, Israel yang sah haruslah sebuah negara yang berasaskan agama dan hukum Tuhan. Mereka menuntut pemisahan total antara agama dan negara.

2. Golongan Zionis Keagamaan:

Mereka pula berpendapat bahawa Zionisme adalah sebahagian daripada proses penebusan dan pembinaan semula tanah Israel. Mereka percaya bahawa pembentukan negara Israel adalah langkah ke arah kedatangan Mesias. Mereka menyokong penuh negara Israel dan terlibat dalam politik serta tentera untuk membentuk Israel mengikut nilai-nilai agama mereka. Mereka berpendapat bahawa seorang Zionis yang baik mestilah seorang yang warak.

Pilihan Raya dan Perubahan Politik

Pergolakan politik di Israel sering kali dipengaruhi oleh parti-parti agama ini. Mereka mampu menarik sokongan pengundi dengan janji-janji untuk menegakkan undang-undang agama dan melindungi nilai-nilai tradisional.

Sebagai contoh, dalam pilihan raya pada 1992-1999, parti-parti agama mendapat sokongan yang signifikan. Pada 1999, parti Shas (Yahudi Sefardi Ortodoks) berjaya memenangi 17 kerusi, menjadikannya parti ketiga terbesar di Knesset (Parlimen Israel).

Pilihan raya Knesset ke-15 pada tahun 1999 menunjukkan tren yang sama. Parti-parti agama secara keseluruhan mendapat sokongan kuat dari pengundi. Pada pilihan raya 2001, parti Shas memperoleh 17 kerusi. Ini menunjukkan kekuatan pengaruh mereka dalam membentuk kerajaan dan dasar negara.

Cabaran dan Kesan ke atas Masyarakat

Perpecahan antara golongan agama dan sekular menciptakan cabaran besar dalam masyarakat Israel. Isu seperti pengecualian tentera bagi pelajar agama, pendidikan agama, dan pengasingan gender di tempat awam sering menjadi punca ketegangan. Parti-parti agama berusaha untuk mempengaruhi undang-undang agar selaras dengan pandangan mereka, kadang-kala bertentangan dengan nilai-nilai demokrasi dan hak asasi manusia.

Sebagai contoh, seorang tentera Israel yang beragama, jika mendengar lagu dari penyanyi wanita, mungkin akan merasa tidak selesa dan perlu mencari alasan untuk tidak mendengar. Ini menunjukkan betapa mendalamnya pengaruh ajaran agama dalam kehidupan seharian mereka.

Kesimpulan

Kuasa-kuasa agama memainkan peranan penting dalam membentuk politik dan masyarakat Israel. Dengan pengaruh yang semakin meningkat, mereka terus berusaha untuk mengukuhkan identiti Yahudi negara itu mengikut tafsiran agama mereka. Konflik antara golongan agama dan sekular dijangka akan terus menjadi cabaran utama dalam pembinaan sebuah masyarakat yang bersatu dan harmoni.


Khamis, 20 Januari 2011

Israel mahu bina lagi kediaman haram Yahudi

BAITULMAQDIS 18 Jan. - Israel akan meluluskan pembinaan 124 unit pangsapuri baru di sekitar kawasan penempatan haram Yahudi di timur Baitulmaqdis, satu langkah yang boleh mendatangkan kecaman hebat antarabangsa.
Projek yang bakal diluluskan Majlis Perbandaran Baitulmaqdis itu meliputi 92 unit pangsapuri di Talpiot Timur, selatan Baitulmaqdis dan 32 unit lagi di Pisgat Zeev di bahagian utara.
Keputusan itu dibuat sehari selepas pengumuman pembinaan sekurang-kurangnya 1,400 buah rumah di sebuah kawasan penempatan haram Yahudi di timur Baitulmaqdis.
Penduduk Palestin mahu menjadikan timur Baitulmaqdis, yang dirampas Israel bersama-sama Tebing Barat dalam Perang 1967 sebagai ibu negara mereka, sementara Israel mendakwa bandar suci itu sebagai ibu negaranya, satu dakwaan yang tidak diiktiraf masyarakat antarabangsa.
Setiausaha Negara Amerika Syarikat (AS), Hillary Clinton pada minggu lalu mengutuk kerja-kerja merobohkan sebuah hotel untuk pembinaan 20 buah rumah haram Yahudi.
Perdana Menteri Israel, Benjamin Netanyahu membalas kecaman Clinton dengan menyatakan penduduk Yahudi mempunyai hak untuk tinggal di mana-mana bahagian Baitulmaqdis.
Kira-kira 500,000 penduduk Israel tinggal di Tebing Barat dan timur Baitulmaqdis di kalangan 2.7 juta rakyat Palestin. - Reuters

Isnin, 25 Oktober 2010

How many hitmen?


The line of questioning has changed. It's no longer the speculation on whether Israel's intelligence agency, Mossad was behind the assassination of Hamas leader Mahmoud al-Mabhouh in a Dubai hotel room last month.
The question now, certainly on the lips of journalists, is why does it take at least 26 people to kill one man traveling without a bodyguard?
Fifteen more suspects named by Dubai police Wednesday, although the passports are fraudulent and the names "borrowed."
Dubai's police chief has said he is 99 percent sure Mossad is responsible and that seems good enough for most people. Let me caution though, while not revealing personal opinion, that an arms dealer would likely have enemies.
Trips to Dubai by some suspects for planning purposes started almost a year ago, according to police. They say suspects traveled through eight different countries, including two on Australian passports who left Dubai on a ship to Iran, according to police.
The diagram for the travel routes of the operation stage look like a complicated family tree. The suspects between them covered 10 countries, credit cards were used by 14 different suspects, identities stolen from five different nationalities… again according to Dubai police.
The target - one man who appeared to be in transit, who went shopping for shoes and who had no security.
That's not to make him sound harmless. Hamas has admitted he was behind the kidnapping and killing of two Israeli soldiers in 1989 and Israeli security sources tell me he was a key link between Hamas and Iran when it comes to smuggling arms into Gaza.
But such a huge team still seems excessive to a layman like me who is not privy to the usual etiquette of international assassinations.
This is one of the first times we have been given such an accessible peephole into the murky world of alleged hitmen and women. Maybe that’s why the appetite for details no matter how mundane or distasteful is so great.
A first but maybe also a last. This world of technology we live in as proved by Dubai police could deter the next old-fashioned hit squad picked up on security cameras every step of the way – no matter how good the disguises or how powerful the sponsor.
Posted by: 
Filed under: General

UAE unhappy with release of alleged Israeli agent


(CNN) -- The United Arab Emirates on Saturday expressed concern about a German court's decision to release an alleged Israeli agent being investigated in connection with a Hamas leader's murder in Dubai.
The suspected agent, who often uses the alias Uri Brodsky, is under investigation for helping obtain a false German passport allegedly used by one of the killers in January.
The UAE's foreign ministry said it's worried about Brodsky's release on bail and his freedom to return to Israel during the probe, the state-run WAM reported.
Brodsky still faces a possible trial in Germany
"The UAE seeks assurances that Brodsky is in no way connected with the murder of Mahmoud al-Mabhouh in Dubai in January of this year," ministry official Abdurahim Al Awadhi said in a statement.
"As this may relate to a serious crime committed in Dubai, the UAE expects full and close cooperation from the German authorities and will continue to pursue the matter through diplomatic channels," the statement said.
Dubai is one of seven emirates within the United Arab Emirates.
Rainer Wolf, a spokesman for the state prosecutor's office in Cologne, Germany, told CNN that the judge decided that keeping Brodsky in custody was excessive considering the severity of the charges and released him on bail.
Brodsky was arrested in Poland two months ago on a European warrant as part of an investigation into the killing.
That warrant accused him on two counts: espionage and forgery. Poland granted Germany's request for extradition but on the condition that it would only be for the forgery charge.
Mahmoud al-Mabhouh, a founding member of the Palestinian group Hamas' military wing, was found dead in January in his hotel room in Dubai in the United Arab Emirates. Police believe he was killed the night before and suspect the Mossad, Israel's foreign intelligence unit, was behind the assassination.
Several countries including Ireland, the United Kingdom and Australia have kicked out Israeli diplomats after concluding Israel had probably forged their countries' passports as part of the operation.
Dubai police have identified 33 suspects in al-Mabhouh's killing. Most of the suspects are believed to have acquired faulty passports to go to Dubai and then fled to other far-flung locations, police said.
Israel has maintained there is no proof linking it to the doctored passports or the killing of al-Mabhouh.
Israeli Foreign Minister Avigdor Lieberman told Israel Army Radio in March that there is certainly no reason to think that the Mossad and not some other intelligence agency of another country operated there.

Jumaat, 1 Oktober 2010

Dubai police chief receives death threats

DUBAI: Dubai police chief receives death threats from the agency Mossad, revealed the involvement of intelligence for the Jewish state when it published details of the murder of a senior leader of Hamas, here earlier this year. 

Arabic language newspaper Al-Ittihad quoted as Dahi Khalfan, said he received two death threats on the murder of senior Hamas leader, Mahmud al-Mabhuh, at a hotel in Dubai, 20 January.


He accused the Mossad was behind the double threat on Tuesday, the official newspaper added. The first threat made in a few days after the suspected killer Khalfan revealed pictures and at the same time accusing the Mossad's involvement in the murder.


Protect yourself if you continue to celupar, the message said, according to the newspaper. Experts in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) to detect the source of the message involved, Khalfan said the newspaper without giving further details.

In mid-February, she published the names and photographs of 11 suspects, said the murder of European passports to enter Dubai, six from Britain, three from Ireland and one each from Germany and France. 

The second threat, the newspaper said, was a phone call to a relative Khalfan, retired senior officers, from a Western population with dual passports who asked me to advise my brother to keep quiet. 

Proved later that the caller is involved Mossad agent who had retired. 
Khalfan was also revealed, two days ago, authorities arrested a Western nation involved in the murder suspects 




Khamis, 8 Julai 2010

Israel's Attack on Egypt in '67 was not 'Preemptive'

It is often claimed that Israel's attack on Egypt that began the June 1967 'Six Day War' was a 'preemptive' one. Implicit in that description is the notion that Israel was under imminent threat of an attack from Egypt. Yet this historical interpretation of the war is not sustained by the documentary record.
for more, click here....

Rabu, 7 Julai 2010

Flotilla raid was so stupid

While the United States has reserved judgment in the matter, a former Mossad agent is casting blame for the botched raid on a Gaza aid flotilla, pointing directly at Israeli Prime Minister Binyamin Netanyahu for allegedly ordering forces to act without vital preparation.


for more, click here

Fake al Qaida?

"The truth is, there is no Islamic army or terrorist group called Al Qaida. And any informed intelligence officer knows this. But there is a propaganda campaign to make the public believe in the presence of an identified entity representing the 'devil' only in order to drive the TV watcher to accept a unified international leadership for a war against terrorism. The country behind this propaganda is the US . . ."-- Former British Foreign Secretary Robin Cook
for more, click here

Mossad Operation Threatened against Reporter

An Israeli journalist who went into hiding after writing a series of reports showing lawbreaking approved by Israeli army commanders faces a lengthy jail term for espionage if caught, as Israeli security services warned at the weekend they would 'remove the gloves' to track him down.


for more, click here

Dubai warns Mossad, Hamas against covert operations

Dubai warned Israeli intelligence as well as Hamas of working "behind its back" on Wednesday, in the wake of the assassination of Hamas strongman Mahmoud al-Mabhouh last month.
for more, click http://www.haaretz.com/news/dubai-warns-mossad-hamas-against-covert-operations-1.262698

Mossad's secret wars

For more than half a century, the Mossad has been blamed for numerous killings around the world, and is often at the centre of conspiracy theories, including those surrounding the assassination of John F. Kennedy, the 1998 Lockerbie bombing and the 911 attacks in the US.


for more, click here

Ahad, 4 Julai 2010

Israeli soldier's father calls for his release


Jerusalem (CNN) -- The father of Gilad Shalit on Friday resumed calls on Israel's Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu to help get the soldier freed.
The soldier's father, Noam Shalit, said: "I call on the prime minister, listen to the people. Get the strength from them to make this difficult decision before it is too late."
for more, click me...

Isnin, 8 Mac 2010

Hamas chief assassination suspects 'hiding in Israel', says police chief


Dubai's police chief has said the suspects in the Hamas chief's assassination in the emirate are now hiding out in Israel to avoid arrest and urged the Jewish state to wage its wars at home.

British threat to Israel over Dubai Hamas assassination


Britain will consider severing its intelligence-sharing agreement with Israel if Mossad agents are proved to have stolen the identities of British passport holders, The Daily Telegraph has learnt.

Dubai Hamas assassination: a smiling killer and mystery of forged UK passports


Britain and Israel are heading towards a highly sensitive diplomatic row after alleged assassins used forged British passports on a mission to kill a Hamas military commander.

Dubai police to issue arrest warrants for 'hit squad' accused of killing Hamas chief


The Dubai authorities are preparing to issue arrest warrants for six British passport holders accused of assassinating a senior Hamas commander after entering the country disguised in wigs and false beards.

Dubai Hamas assassination: Australia angry over use of fake passports


Australia has issued a stern warning to Israel after three Australian passports were used by suspected Mossad assassins who murdered a top Hamas commander.